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Liver Hydatids and Cysts

Liver Hydatids and Cysts

Liver hydatid cyst is popularly known as dog cyst. It is transmitted from animals to humans and is a serious disease. Liver cyst is a kind of parasitic disease. Parasites live in the intestines of animals such as wolves, jackals and dogs. Parasite eggs excreted with feces can pass into the intestines of large and small cattle through water and grass. People can also ingest parasite eggs by mouth. The eggs that go to the intestine hatch and usually (80 percent) settle in the liver. Thus, cysts occur in the liver.

Liver cyst is not transmitted from person to person and is not found in human feces. It is transmitted to humans only after ingestion of contaminated food contaminated with parasite eggs. The disease does not cause damage to the liver, but the growth of bacteria can cause jaundice, perforation, rupture, arousal of allergic reactions, and spread of the cyst contents to the entire abdominal cavity. These situations strengthen the fight against the disease.

Symptoms of Liver Cyst

Liver cysts usually do not cause symptoms and many are benign. Asymptomatic cysts are mostly small cysts. However, as the cyst grows, some complaints may occur in the abdomen:

  • Abdominal pain (especially felt in the upper right part of the abdomen)
  • Feeling of fullness, bloating (Again in the upper right part)
  • Nausea
  • Diarrhea
  • Digestive problems
  • Biliary obstruction and infection

AND THE PROCEDURE MUST NOT BE TAKEN FROM THESE DRUGS. IF THE PATIENT HAS A PATTERN, THE NECESSARY ADJUSTMENTS MUST BE MADE FOR THE CARDIOLOGY DOCTOR, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE OPINION OF THE CARDIOLOGY DOCTOR. Since RADIATION MAY BE GIVEN DURING THE ERCP PROCEDURE, FEMALE PATIENTS WHO ARE PREGNANT OR POSSIBLE TO BE PREGNANT SHOULD REPORT THIS CONDITION TO THE DOCTOR. PROCESSING TIME VARY DEPENDING ON THE PROCESSING, IT IS 30 MINUTES ON AVERAGE, SOMETIMES IT CAN EXTEND UP TO 1-1.5 HOURS.

Liver Cyst Treatment

There is no medicine or other non-surgical treatment method for liver cyst. The only treatment is surgery. Cysts in the liver must be removed surgically. The surgical method may vary depending on the size, location and number of the cyst. Laparoscopic surgery is applied in suitable patients.

Evaluation and Treatment of Stenosis in the Bile Tracts

Stenosis in the bile ducts can be of 2 types. It may be a malignant stenosis due to a tumor in the bile ducts; There may also be benign strictures of the biliary tract, which may develop after previous bladder surgery, liver transplantation or hydatid cyst operation, and may develop due to chronic pancreatitis. It is difficult to make this distinction. The sensitivity of the pathological examination of the brush swab taken from the stenosis area during ERCP in making this distinction is low (30-57%). The sensitivity of cholangioscopy (which is entered into the bile ducts with a special endoscope) used in the diagnosis increases to 100%. In benign biliary strictures, the stenosis is treated by expanding the stenosis with a balloon or bougie and then inserting a small plastic tube called a plastic stent. These plastic stents are occluded in an average of 3 months and must be removed and reinserted when clogged. Generally, 55-88% success is achieved in biliary tract strictures that develop after 1 year of treatment. In cases that can be operated for malignant strictures caused by pancreatic head and biliary tract tumors, in special cases such as the presence of cholangitis in the patient, ERCP is performed before the operation and it is aimed to improve the patient’s clinical condition before the operation. In cases where surgery cannot be performed, the patient’s complaints such as jaundice and itching are relieved by inserting metallic stents, since they become occluded in a longer time compared to plastic stents (the average open time for covered metal stents is 1 year, and for bare metal stents it is 5-6 months).

For the treatment of biliary tract inflammation caused by malformations of the biliary tract such as choledochocele, choledochal cyst.

Hydatid cyst

In the parasitic disease of the liver, also known as canine cyst, daughter cysts and germinative membrane that fall into the bile duct from the cyst can block the bile ducts. In this case, the obstruction in the bile ducts is removed by performing ERCP. Bile duct obstruction may develop due to parasitic diseases such as Fasciola hepatica or ascaris, and in this case, it can be treated with ERCP.

What Are ERCP Complications?

Although inflammation of the pancreas, called pancreatitis, can be seen at a rate of 1-7% after ERCP, this rate increases (20-30%) in the presence or suspicion of SOD dysfunction. Inflammation of the biliary tract called cholangitis (less than 1%), Inflammation of the gallbladder called cholecystitis (0.2-0.5%), Bleeding (0.8-2%), Intestinal perforation called perforation (0.1-0.6%), Painkillers used Allergic reactions that may develop against sedatives, spasm relievers and local drugs or opaque substances to be given, Emergency surgery requirement as a result of the stone or device getting stuck during stone removal, Heart and lung events (aspiration pneumonia, heart rhythm disorders)…

As a result of these complications, emergency treatment may be required, some of them require surgery. The mortality rate associated with the ERCP procedure is 0.1-0.5%. Before ERCP, all patients are explained why this procedure was performed, the patient is informed about the complications that may be related to the procedure, and written consent is obtained from the patient.